Scientific investigations focused on greens+ have demonstrated that this unique product has direct physiological influences on a variety of the body’s systems. The results show that greens+ improves long-term energy levels and boosts antioxidant levels. In addition, the combined ingredients have significant antioxidant activity (ORAC), work synergistically to alkalize the body (PRAL), protect cells against toxic assault, and promote healthy bones. Among green food supplements, only greens+ with its high quality ingredients and unique blend of standardized herbs is research-proven to provide these results.
Dr Najla Guthrie, et al. KGK Research Centre, London, Ontario
Main Outcome: In comparison to other green food products, researchers found that only greens+ inhibited the growth of lung and colon cancer cells under experimental conditions. In addition, while all green food products inhibited breast cancer cell growth, only greens+ had a highly significant effect in stopping the growth of skin cancer
(melanoma) cells.
–––
Dr Venket Rao, et al. University of Toronto.
Main Outcome: In the in vitro portion of the study, greens+ was demonstrated to exert significant protection against oxidative damage in lipid cells, which is linked to cardiovascular, neurological and psychiatric illnesses. The in vitro portion also confirmed the presence of a variety of bioflavonoids within greens+. Following one month of human consumption in healthy volunteers, greens+ significantly improved antioxidant status and prevented oxidative damage to both proteins and lipid components of cells. greens+ was also shown to lower LDL (harmful) and total cholesterol levels. The flavonoids in greens+ were documented to be well-absorbed in humans. No adverse events. Rao V, et al. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of the plant-based supplement greens+. Int J Mol Sci
2011;12:4896-908.
At the 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, University of Toronto researchers replicated the antioxidant finding above with a greens+ line extension, greens+ bone builder. An 8-week study, involving 60 post-menopausal women showed significantly improved total antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress against cellular proteins, and oxidative damage against cellular lipids versus placebo. Kang N, et al. Oxidative stress and the risk of osteoporosis: the role of dietary polyphenols and nutritional supplements in postmenopausal women. ASBMR Meeting, San Diego, Sept 2011 Abstract #MO0448
–––
Dr Heather Boon, et al. University of Toronto.
Main Outcome: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving over 100 otherwise healthy Torontonian women, greens+ was shown to significantly improve energy when taken over the course of three months vs. placebo. There were also statistical trends for improvement in mental health, vitality, well-being, and overall health among the greens+ users. No adverse events.
Study published in the Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 2004;65(2):66-71.
–––
Enviro Test Laboratories, Edmonton.
Main Outcome: greens+ has a negative score on the PRAL test, indicating that it is an alkaline food in the human body. According to published research, negative PRAL foods can help compensate for acidic foods (meats, grains), which have the potential to remove calcium from the bones. PRAL provides an estimate of the production of endogenous acid that exceeds the level of alkali produced for given amounts of foods ingested daily. The concept of PRAL calculation is physiologically based and takes into account different intestinal absorption rates of individual minerals and of sulfur-containing protein, as well as the amount of sulfate produced from metabolized proteins. This method of calculation was experimentally validated in healthy adults, and it showed that under controlled conditions, acid loads and renal net acid excretion (NAE) can be reliably estimated from diet composition (Remer, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1255-60). greens+ has double the alkalinity of spinach and raisins, the most negative PRAL foods. In addition, greens+ has proven to be able to significantly lower urinary pH after only 7 days of use; see Research #7 below for more information on this human study.
–––
Brunswick Laboratories, Wareham, Massachusetts.
Main Outcome: Using testing developed by Tufts University and the US Department of Agriculture, greens+ was shown to have significant dietary antioxidant potential based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) scores. greens+ had an ORAC score three-fold that of blueberries, a well-known antioxidant-rich food and also outperformed competitor green products.
–––
Dr. Leticia Rao, et al. University of Toronto.
Main Outcome: In 2 separate studies, greens+ was shown to directly influence the differentiation of human osteoblasts (the cells that form bone). In addition, greens+ stimulated bone mineralization. In a follow-up study, the University of Toronto researchers confirmed that greens+ stimulated osteoblasts and bone mineralization and uncovered at least one mechanism for the effects. As a result the researchers concluded that: “The results showed that greens+ may have beneficial effects on bone formation in vitro due to its antioxidant polyphenolic content and we can speculate that it may be a good alternative to drugs for the prevention of osteoporosis.” It appears that the ingredients in greens+ act synergistically to inhibit free radical production. Reactive oxygen species were shown to interfere with osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. The effects of greens+ were stronger than that of individual antioxidants [e.g. epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) from green tea] alone. First study was presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research in Seattle, Washington, Oct 2-5, 2004. Second study was presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research in Nashville, Tennessee, Sept 23-27, 2005.
Rao, et al. Polyphenol extract of greens+ nutritional supplement stimulated bone formation in cultures of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. J Diet Suppl 2008;5(3); 264-282.
–––
In a recent clinical trial greens+ was shown to significantly improve urinary pH. Researchers examined the influence of greens+ in 34 healthy Canadian adults. Morning urinary pH was measured for 7 days to establish a baseline, then measured daily again for 14 days after the introduction of greens+.
Sixty-two percent of the participants were found to have a highly significant change in the direction of alkalinity (became more alkaline). More specifically, greens+ use for 14 days resulted in a two-fold difference overall in the alkalinity of the urine, confirming without doubt that greens+ is making a difference in improving human alkalinity.
Berardi JB, Logan AC, Rao V. Plant-based dietary supplement increases urinary pH. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2008 Nov 6;5:20-7.
–––
Though claims have been made that lecithin is a cheap filler, it actually enhances the absorption of plant-based phytonutrients in greens+. Using well-known antioxidant tests Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), the antioxidant capacity of greens+ and an altered greens+ formula (replacing soy lecithin with rice flower) were compared. It was found that when lecithin was removed from greens+ the antioxidant capacity dropped by about 12-15%.
–––
Dr Tracey Beaulne, Integrative Care Centre of Toronto, Ontario
Main Outcome: In a preliminary investigation, otherwise healthy adults complaining of fatigue were asked to consume greens+ extra energy for one month while commenting on short-term and long-term response to the product. In addition, all subjects completed the Arizona Integrative Outcomes Scale (AIOS), a validated instrument which provides an assessment of overall well-being (including physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual condition) over the course of one month. At baseline, low energy common on the well-being score. All subjects reported a lift in energy which was noted about 60-90 minutes after consumption. The energy was maintained for 4 to 5 hours according to all subjects. Based on the AIOS scores, subjects reported an average 56% improvement in over-all physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual health. Based on these results it is clear that the reported energy-boosting effects of greens+ extra energy translated into improved health and well-being.
–––
Scientists from Eastern Michigan University set up an experiment involving healthy active adults – measurements of aerobic metabolism taken prior to and after 28 days - greens+ vs. placebo. Post-supplementation, greens+ users had significantly improved VO2 Max during an intense bout of cycling vs. placebo, indicating that the product improved the maximum capacity of an individual’s body to transport and use oxygen during physical activity. Based on additional measurements of blood lactate and markers of oxidation, the researchers conclude that the benefits of greens+ are not related to cardiac output, rather they are due to improved mitochondrial functioning. Mitochondria are the batteries, or energy powerhouses of each cell, improved mitochondrial function = improved energy. Provides further scientific support to the University of Toronto energy and vitality study published in 2004.
McGregor SJ. greens+ and mitochondrial function: Initial findings. Aug 28th, 2009
–––
An 8 week, placebo-controlled study involving 47 postmenopausal women was conducted at the University of Toronto. Results were impressive showing that vs. placebo greens+ bone builder significantly increased blood antioxidant capacity and urinary polyphenol content, while significantly decreasing lipid and protein oxidation. The major finding of this study however, was the reduction in CTx, a major marker for bone destruction and factor risk. The greens+ bone builder group showed a 12% decrease in this marker, while levels remained unchanged in the placebo group.
Kang, N. et al. Accepted for Publication in Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism as an abstract, 2012.
–––
bone builder contains calcium, vitamin D and 9 other trace mineral and antioxidant ingredients to support bone health. bone builderr influences the number of bone nodules and the size of the growth. When compared to control extracts without the minerals/antioxidants, bone builder increased the area of bone nodule growth 1000-fold and was shown to be 2-3 times more effective at increasing bone growth area than calcium alone. The trace elements present in bone builder play a beneficial role in bone formation and in the prevention of osteoporosis.
Rao L, et al. greens+ bone builder nutritional supplement stimulates bone formation in an in vitro human SaOS-2 cell cultures. Presented to the Canadian Herb, Spices, & Natural Health Products Coalition: Tradition to Technology, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, May 10-13, 2007.
Rao L, et al. greens+ bone builder nutritional supplement stimulates bone formation in an in vitro human SaOS-2 cell cultures” presented to Gelda Scientific and Sunstar Inc, Mississauga, Ontario, February 14, 2007. Snyder D, et al. Extracts of the Nutritional Supplement, bone builderTM, and the Herbal Supplement, greens+, Synergistically Stimulate Bone Formation by Human Osteoblast Cells in Vitro J Bone Miner Res 2010; 25 (Suppl 1): MO-0200
–––
greens+ bone builder
University of Toronto scientists found that combining greens+ and bone builder creates a synergy that is 6x more effective than the benefits of greens+ or bone builder alone. These finding were done using the greens+ bone builder formula without the fat-soluble lycopene and vitamin D ingredients, which would further enhance the results. This provides a strong indicator of what the results of the clinical study of greens+ bone builder will look like. A large scale human study is currently underway.
greens+ daily detox
A pilot study was conducted by Dr. Tracey Beaulne, Toronto, Ontario on objective human detox functioning. Major improvements were found in subjects’ phase I and II liver detox performance. Subjects also had improved antioxidant defense based on urine markers. Based on the positive results we are considering a large human study.
*Research was conducted with competitor comparisons
Research #1 - In vitro tests confirm greens+ inhibits cancer cell growth*
Dr Najla Guthrie, et al. KGK Research Centre, London, Ontario
Main Outcome: In comparison to other green food products, researchers found that only greens+ inhibited the growth of lung and colon cancer cells under experimental conditions. In addition, while all green food products inhibited breast cancer cell growth, only greens+ had a highly significant effect in stopping the growth of skin cancer
(melanoma) cells.
–––
Research #2 - In vitro and in vivo testing confirm the antioxidant capabilities of greens+
Dr Venket Rao, et al. University of Toronto.
Main Outcome: In the in vitro portion of the study, greens+ was demonstrated to exert significant protection against oxidative damage in lipid cells, which is linked to cardiovascular, neurological and psychiatric illnesses. The in vitro portion also confirmed the presence of a variety of bioflavonoids within greens+. Following one month of human consumption in healthy volunteers, greens+ significantly improved antioxidant status and prevented oxidative damage to both proteins and lipid components of cells. greens+ was also shown to lower LDL (harmful) and total cholesterol levels. The flavonoids in greens+ were documented to be well-absorbed in humans. No adverse events. Rao V, et al. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of the plant-based supplement greens+. Int J Mol Sci
2011;12:4896-908.
At the 2011 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, University of Toronto researchers replicated the antioxidant finding above with a greens+ line extension, greens+ bone builder. An 8-week study, involving 60 post-menopausal women showed significantly improved total antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress against cellular proteins, and oxidative damage against cellular lipids versus placebo. Kang N, et al. Oxidative stress and the risk of osteoporosis: the role of dietary polyphenols and nutritional supplements in postmenopausal women. ASBMR Meeting, San Diego, Sept 2011 Abstract #MO0448
–––
Research #3 - In vivo research confirms greens+ has a positive effect on increasing energy levels
Dr Heather Boon, et al. University of Toronto.
Main Outcome: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving over 100 otherwise healthy Torontonian women, greens+ was shown to significantly improve energy when taken over the course of three months vs. placebo. There were also statistical trends for improvement in mental health, vitality, well-being, and overall health among the greens+ users. No adverse events.
Study published in the Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 2004;65(2):66-71.
–––
Research #4 - In vitro testing confirms greens+ has a beneficial effect on Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) i.e. pH alkalizing abilities*
Enviro Test Laboratories, Edmonton.
Main Outcome: greens+ has a negative score on the PRAL test, indicating that it is an alkaline food in the human body. According to published research, negative PRAL foods can help compensate for acidic foods (meats, grains), which have the potential to remove calcium from the bones. PRAL provides an estimate of the production of endogenous acid that exceeds the level of alkali produced for given amounts of foods ingested daily. The concept of PRAL calculation is physiologically based and takes into account different intestinal absorption rates of individual minerals and of sulfur-containing protein, as well as the amount of sulfate produced from metabolized proteins. This method of calculation was experimentally validated in healthy adults, and it showed that under controlled conditions, acid loads and renal net acid excretion (NAE) can be reliably estimated from diet composition (Remer, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1255-60). greens+ has double the alkalinity of spinach and raisins, the most negative PRAL foods. In addition, greens+ has proven to be able to significantly lower urinary pH after only 7 days of use; see Research #7 below for more information on this human study.
–––
Research #5 - In vitro tests confirm greens+ has a significant ORAC value*
Brunswick Laboratories, Wareham, Massachusetts.
Main Outcome: Using testing developed by Tufts University and the US Department of Agriculture, greens+ was shown to have significant dietary antioxidant potential based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) scores. greens+ had an ORAC score three-fold that of blueberries, a well-known antioxidant-rich food and also outperformed competitor green products.
–––
Research #6 - In vitro research examines the influence of greens+ on human osteoblasts
Dr. Leticia Rao, et al. University of Toronto.
Main Outcome: In 2 separate studies, greens+ was shown to directly influence the differentiation of human osteoblasts (the cells that form bone). In addition, greens+ stimulated bone mineralization. In a follow-up study, the University of Toronto researchers confirmed that greens+ stimulated osteoblasts and bone mineralization and uncovered at least one mechanism for the effects. As a result the researchers concluded that: “The results showed that greens+ may have beneficial effects on bone formation in vitro due to its antioxidant polyphenolic content and we can speculate that it may be a good alternative to drugs for the prevention of osteoporosis.” It appears that the ingredients in greens+ act synergistically to inhibit free radical production. Reactive oxygen species were shown to interfere with osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. The effects of greens+ were stronger than that of individual antioxidants [e.g. epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) from green tea] alone. First study was presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research in Seattle, Washington, Oct 2-5, 2004. Second study was presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Bone and Mineral Research in Nashville, Tennessee, Sept 23-27, 2005.
Rao, et al. Polyphenol extract of greens+ nutritional supplement stimulated bone formation in cultures of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. J Diet Suppl 2008;5(3); 264-282.
–––
Research #7 – greens+ and pH (Human Study)
In a recent clinical trial greens+ was shown to significantly improve urinary pH. Researchers examined the influence of greens+ in 34 healthy Canadian adults. Morning urinary pH was measured for 7 days to establish a baseline, then measured daily again for 14 days after the introduction of greens+.
Sixty-two percent of the participants were found to have a highly significant change in the direction of alkalinity (became more alkaline). More specifically, greens+ use for 14 days resulted in a two-fold difference overall in the alkalinity of the urine, confirming without doubt that greens+ is making a difference in improving human alkalinity.
Berardi JB, Logan AC, Rao V. Plant-based dietary supplement increases urinary pH. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2008 Nov 6;5:20-7.
–––
Research #8 - greens+ and lecithin
Though claims have been made that lecithin is a cheap filler, it actually enhances the absorption of plant-based phytonutrients in greens+. Using well-known antioxidant tests Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), the antioxidant capacity of greens+ and an altered greens+ formula (replacing soy lecithin with rice flower) were compared. It was found that when lecithin was removed from greens+ the antioxidant capacity dropped by about 12-15%.
–––
Research #9 - greens+ extra energy clinical case reports on mood, energy and well-being
Dr Tracey Beaulne, Integrative Care Centre of Toronto, Ontario
Main Outcome: In a preliminary investigation, otherwise healthy adults complaining of fatigue were asked to consume greens+ extra energy for one month while commenting on short-term and long-term response to the product. In addition, all subjects completed the Arizona Integrative Outcomes Scale (AIOS), a validated instrument which provides an assessment of overall well-being (including physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual condition) over the course of one month. At baseline, low energy common on the well-being score. All subjects reported a lift in energy which was noted about 60-90 minutes after consumption. The energy was maintained for 4 to 5 hours according to all subjects. Based on the AIOS scores, subjects reported an average 56% improvement in over-all physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual health. Based on these results it is clear that the reported energy-boosting effects of greens+ extra energy translated into improved health and well-being.
–––
Research #10 – greens+ and cellular energy
Scientists from Eastern Michigan University set up an experiment involving healthy active adults – measurements of aerobic metabolism taken prior to and after 28 days - greens+ vs. placebo. Post-supplementation, greens+ users had significantly improved VO2 Max during an intense bout of cycling vs. placebo, indicating that the product improved the maximum capacity of an individual’s body to transport and use oxygen during physical activity. Based on additional measurements of blood lactate and markers of oxidation, the researchers conclude that the benefits of greens+ are not related to cardiac output, rather they are due to improved mitochondrial functioning. Mitochondria are the batteries, or energy powerhouses of each cell, improved mitochondrial function = improved energy. Provides further scientific support to the University of Toronto energy and vitality study published in 2004.
McGregor SJ. greens+ and mitochondrial function: Initial findings. Aug 28th, 2009
–––
Research #11 - greens+ bone builder
An 8 week, placebo-controlled study involving 47 postmenopausal women was conducted at the University of Toronto. Results were impressive showing that vs. placebo greens+ bone builder significantly increased blood antioxidant capacity and urinary polyphenol content, while significantly decreasing lipid and protein oxidation. The major finding of this study however, was the reduction in CTx, a major marker for bone destruction and factor risk. The greens+ bone builder group showed a 12% decrease in this marker, while levels remained unchanged in the placebo group.
Kang, N. et al. Accepted for Publication in Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism as an abstract, 2012.
–––
Research #12 - bone builder
bone builder contains calcium, vitamin D and 9 other trace mineral and antioxidant ingredients to support bone health. bone builderr influences the number of bone nodules and the size of the growth. When compared to control extracts without the minerals/antioxidants, bone builder increased the area of bone nodule growth 1000-fold and was shown to be 2-3 times more effective at increasing bone growth area than calcium alone. The trace elements present in bone builder play a beneficial role in bone formation and in the prevention of osteoporosis.
Rao L, et al. greens+ bone builder nutritional supplement stimulates bone formation in an in vitro human SaOS-2 cell cultures. Presented to the Canadian Herb, Spices, & Natural Health Products Coalition: Tradition to Technology, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, May 10-13, 2007.
Rao L, et al. greens+ bone builder nutritional supplement stimulates bone formation in an in vitro human SaOS-2 cell cultures” presented to Gelda Scientific and Sunstar Inc, Mississauga, Ontario, February 14, 2007. Snyder D, et al. Extracts of the Nutritional Supplement, bone builderTM, and the Herbal Supplement, greens+, Synergistically Stimulate Bone Formation by Human Osteoblast Cells in Vitro J Bone Miner Res 2010; 25 (Suppl 1): MO-0200
–––
Research in Progress:
greens+ bone builder
University of Toronto scientists found that combining greens+ and bone builder creates a synergy that is 6x more effective than the benefits of greens+ or bone builder alone. These finding were done using the greens+ bone builder formula without the fat-soluble lycopene and vitamin D ingredients, which would further enhance the results. This provides a strong indicator of what the results of the clinical study of greens+ bone builder will look like. A large scale human study is currently underway.
greens+ daily detox
A pilot study was conducted by Dr. Tracey Beaulne, Toronto, Ontario on objective human detox functioning. Major improvements were found in subjects’ phase I and II liver detox performance. Subjects also had improved antioxidant defense based on urine markers. Based on the positive results we are considering a large human study.
*Research was conducted with competitor comparisons
